Renal artery aneurysms can occur in the main renal artery or its branches. These aneurysms are often asymptomatic in clinical presentations, though some cases may exhibit hypertension or renal dysfunction. Renal colic is occasionally reported. In cases of rupture, hypovolemic shock may occur. Diagnosis is typically straightforward with the use of ultrasound, CTA, or MRI, with selective renal artery angiography providing clearer imaging details.
The primary treatments for renal artery aneurysms include aneurysm resection, autologous vascular grafting, or reconstruction of the renal artery using artificial grafts. In recent years, endovascular therapies have been increasingly employed. For some patients, autotransplantation of the kidney may be performed following aneurysm resection.