These are rarely observed. When they do occur, they are often hemangiomas, papillomas, fibromas, or lipomas. They are commonly found in the pyriform sinus, lateral pharyngeal wall, or posterior pharyngeal wall. Hemangiomas typically present as irregular red elevations and are prone to bleeding, whereas fibromas and lipomas manifest as submucosal protrusions.
Clinical Presentation
Early symptoms are non-specific and may include a sensation of a foreign body or obstruction during swallowing. Hemangiomas may lead to hemoptysis, particularly after consuming hard or coarse foods. Larger tumors could result in swallowing difficulties or respiratory distress.
Diagnosis
Tumors may be detected through indirect laryngoscopy; however, early-stage lesions are often difficult to identify, necessitating the use of fiberoptic or electronic laryngoscopy. CT or MRI scans of the hypopharynx can provide useful information about the extent of the lesions.
Treatment
Hemangiomas may be treated with plasma ablation, laser therapy, cryotherapy, or sclerotherapy injections. Fibromas and lipomas typically require surgical excision.