Chondrosarcoma is a malignant cartilaginous tumor. It is characterized by the production of cartilage by tumor cells and the presence of hyaline cartilage differentiation, often accompanied by myxoid degeneration, calcification, and ossification. This tumor predominantly affects adults and elderly individuals, with a slightly higher incidence in males compared to females. The pelvis is the most common site, followed by the proximal femur, proximal humerus, and ribs.
Clinical Features
The onset is slow, with pain and swelling being the main symptoms. The pain is initially dull and gradually worsens over time. The tumor grows slowly and may cause compressive symptoms. X-ray imaging typically shows lytic bone destruction with reduced density and indistinct margins. The lesion often contains scattered calcified nodules or flocculent areas of ossification, and in classic cases, a cloud-like pattern may be observed.
Treatment
Surgical intervention is the primary treatment method, following principles similar to those for osteosarcoma. Chondrosarcoma is generally resistant to radiotherapy. The prognosis is more favorable compared to osteosarcoma.